Blog Post

Theotokos, A Pandemic Observed, and Ideology as Stupidity

by Erin Doom

Feast of St Myron the Martyr of Cyzicus
Anno Domini 2020, August 17

Jonathan Pageau carving the resurrection on the tombstone for the late and great Fr. Matthew Baker 
(5 April 1977 - 1 March 2015)

This coming weekend marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of author and screenwriter Ray Bradbury (b. Aug. 22, 1920). If you live in or near Wichita, KS we’ll have a small gathering at The Ladder at 7:30 pm on Saturday, August 22. In addition to a few short readings of Bradbury’s poetry (TBD), short stories (“The Pedestrian”), and fiction (Fahrenheit 451), Dr. Chris Kettler will give a short presentation based on an outline of a book he plans to write, which I’ve taken the liberty to provide an initial / tentative title: “Ray Bradbury & the Gospel: A Mutual Encounter.” 

This past weekend wrapped up seven weeks of training to run a full marathon. I ran the longest distance of my life: 14.15 miles, to be exact. And it totally wiped me out…hence this late issue of Synaxis. In eight weeks, on October 11, in an effort to raise funds for Eighth Day Institute, I’ll somehow run 26.2 miles—Lord have some mighty mercy on this body of mine! I’d love for you to join me, whether virtually or in Wichita, and for any distance. If you’re in Wichita and the physical Prairie Fire race happens, you can run a full marathon, a half marathon, a 5K, or even a Fall Fun/Run Walk (1-mile family-friendly run or stroll along the Douglas Design District). If Covidtide forces it to be virtual, runners have the option of doing the race virtually on Oct. 11 or postponing registration to the spring or fall races in 2021. If you register here, select the Eighth Day Institute team to initiate registration. If you don't live near Wichita and would like to virtually join our team of runners to raise funds for EDI, I'll include details for you in the next weekend issue of Synaxis.

Now for your tardy issue of Synaxis

1. The Bible
2 Corinthians 2:3-15. Matthew 23:13-22. Online here

2. The Liturgy: Feast of the Dormition
This past Saturday (Aug. 15), the Church celebrated the Dormition (falling asleep) and Assumption of the Virgin Mary. In addition to the two festal hymns below, the Russian Orthodox theologian Vladimir Lossky offers a bit of history on this feast, plus commentary on a 16th century Russian icon of the Dormition. Click here to read Lossky

Apolytikion of Dormition of the Theotokos - First Tone: In birth, you preserved your virginity; in death, you did not abandon the world, O Theotokos. As mother of life, you departed to the source of life, delivering our souls from death by your intercessions.

Kontakion of Dormition of the Theotokos - Second Tone: Neither the grave nor death could contain the Theotokos, the unshakable hope, ever vigilant in intercession and protection. As Mother of life, He who dwelt in the ever-virginal womb transposed her to life.

3. The Fathers: “Homily on the Holy Virgin Theotokos” by St Proclus of Constantinople
Back in 2014 we published an issue of A Word from the Fathers which offered one of the most famous homilies in all of Christian history on the Virgin Mary. Delivered on Dec. 26, A.D. 430 for a recently established “Commemoration of Mary” (probably a combined feast of the Nativity and Annunciation of Mary), an eleventh-century scribal comment best summarizes this homily:

This sermon demonstrates that the Holy Virgin Mary is the “Theotokos,” and that the one born from her is neither “solely god” nor “merely man,” but “Emmanuel,” who is both God and man without confusion or alteration.

Indeed, and as I learned long ago from St. John of Damascus, we honor the Virgin Mary as Theotokos because that single word “expresses the entire mystery of the Incarnation” (On the Orthodox Faith 3:12). And as I learned from Fr. Georges Florovsky, all Mariological reflection must thus necessarily be contextualized within Christology, for

to ignore the Mother means to misinterpret the Son. On the other hand, the person of the Blessed Virgin can be properly understood and rightly described only in a Christological setting and context. Mariology is to be but a chapter in the treatise on the Incarnation, never to be extended into an independent “treatise.” Not, of course, an optional or occasional chapter, not an appendix. It belongs to the very body of doctrine. The Mystery of the Incarnation includes the Mother of the Incarnate (“The Ever-Virgin Mother of God” in Creation and Redemption, Collected Works Vol. 3, p. 173).

However, as Florovsky readily admits, there have been times when “this Christological perspective has been obscured by a devotional exaggeration, by an unbalanced pietism” and he thus concludes that “piety must always be guided and checked by dogma” (ibid.). Or, in the words of Orthodox theologian Vladimir Lossky, “dogma should throw light on devotion, bringing it into contact with the fundamental truths of our faith; whereas devotion should enrich dogma with the Church’s living experience” (In the Image and Likeness of God, St Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 2001, p. 196). 

St. Proclus’s homily displays that wonderful balance of dogma throwing light on devotion and devotion enriching dogma. It’s a sublime homily. Read the whole thing here in that 2014 issue of A Word from the Fathers

4. Books & Culture: “Brass Spittoon: Ken Myers on Three Decades (almost) of Mars Hill Audio” by Matt Steward (and “Here’s What You’re Missing” by Mars Hill Audio)
If you’ve been around Eighth Day Institute much you know how big of a fan I am of Ken Myers and Mars Hill Audio. I’ve been listening to Myers on Mars Hill Audio for well over two decades. And now I’m honored to be able to consider him a friend after bringing him to Wichita in 2018 for the Eighth Day Symposium. I strongly encourage you to check Mars Hill Audio out and to subscribe if you don’t already. Here’s a page with ten free samples by the likes of Oliver O’Donovan, Micahel Hanby, Peter Leithart, D. C. Schindler, and Stanley Hauerwas; all of them are extremely timely for Covidtide. 


5. Poetry: “Be Not So Proud” by Franz Jägerstätter
If you haven’t yet seen Terrence Malick’s film “A Hidden Life,” you’ve got to watch it. Seriously. Malick uses Jägerstätter’s Letters and Writings from Prison throughout the film. Here are the opening lines to an early Jägerstätter poem, included in those Letters and Writings:

Be not so proud, you rich man;
you too will die someday.
Give up the evil class struggle,
for God’s Son was also not rich on earth.
Ah, how painful our days often are
during our short street-car rides
on which we travel unequal distances
until the day when the train de-rails.

Read the whole poem here. And get a copy of the Letters and Writings from Prison from Eighth Day Books.

6. Essays et al: “On Humility” by Franz Jägerstätter 
One more piece from Jägerstätter, thematically related to the poem. Here’s the opening paragraph:

Humility is one of the most beautiful virtues that a person can possess, though contemporary thought sees humility as a form of cowardice. In living this beautiful virtue of humility, Christians surely should not be cowardly, for Christ Himself said: “I am gentle and humble of heart” (Mt. 11:29). Christ was surely not a coward but the greatest of heroes. So. Christians have no reason to be ashamed of themselves when they live this virtue properly.


7. Essays et al: “A Pandemic Observed” by Katherine Baker, et al
As many of you know, Fr. Georges Florovsky is one of my greatest heroes. If you’ve attended one of our annual Florovsky-Newman Weeks, you know that Fr. Matthew Baker is also a great hero of mine. 

Florovsky was also a hero of Fr. Matthew. He wrote a PhD-level Masters degree thesis on Florovsky and was wrapping up a PhD dissertation on him when he was tragically killed in an automobile accident on March 1, 2015. His writings have been a huge influence on me. So influential that each year our Florovsky-Newman Week is dedicated to his memory.

Last weekend I stumbled upon a powerful and deeply moving reflection by Katherine Baker, widow of Fr. Matthew Baker. It’s the best piece I’ve read on Covidtide. Here’s a bit from the beginning:

Three of my children and myself were first exposed to a known COVID-19 case on the five-year anniversary of my husband’s death but did not hear about the exposure for over a week. I looked to my six children and wondered if any or all of them would be the next to lie with their Daddy and brother, or if I would be the one to leave them totally orphaned. Now that the oldest was seventeen and the youngest seven we had finally settled into some kind of regularity, though I still struggled daily with a deep darkness.

As I watched the pandemic and lockdown play out, observing it from a place of intimacy with death and mourning. Very often I wondered if that was the case for our leaders and decision makers. It appeared to me death was being approached officially as an anomaly instead of a certainty, and disease we being treated like a strange exception instead of the rule. We ticked off each COVID-19 death one by one through mass media in a way never done with any other cause of death before.

Of course, this seemed justified at the time because, in a pandemic, each death is another piece of the puzzle, which is helping us to understand the disease, and, to be fair, in the early days we had no idea what it might do. But I began to worry about our nation’s response to the disease about the time our own self-imposed family quarantine was over. The lockdowns were in full swing and no exit strategies were even allowed to be spoken of without the accusation that anyone considering reopening to a more normal sort of life simply did not care about humanity.

It seemed that so many were willing to make a bargain with whoever might be offering that they would do anything to save others from sickness and death. While this was certainly generous and completely understandable (and I am sure I too would have been tempted by it before I had lost my husband and child), it caused me alarm now that I was already in mourning. I could see that these well-meaning, deeply loving people simply could not imagine life without their dear ones and so they were ready to make any sacrifices that were asked of them to keep death at bay.

More:

The pandemic has demanded that we siphon all our lives through the internet. The corporal works of mercy seem to have been made incorporeal, better to be filtered through big tech. Someone is making a lot of money when we funnel all our relationships, commerce, education, recreation and even worship through a third party. This new disembodied way of living is an effort to be “safe,” but it seems Christ’s example suggests we must become more embodied, not less. We already know that however safe living on the internet might make us from some kinds of physical threats, the new cancel culture and persistent internet aggression has opened up whole new ways to devastate and be devastated.

In avoiding the pain of my own life, I find the lure of being dis-incarnated very seductive. The internet—that glittering indulgence of the eyes—is an infinite stream of the finite, wherein you can pretend to lose your loss, and your body with its limitations. There, I can temporarily avoid some of the pain of my present life.

But, God Himself, pure spirit, became a real man with a real body. It is a continuing argument I have with Him that He took the bodies of my dear love and child from me at the same time that He insists on the Incarnation of Himself. My argument with God goes something like this: You say it is so important to be incarnated, to become a human with a body and yet you expect me to be satisfied with this husband and son of mine whose living bodies are gone from me? You expect me to commune with them as far away spirits while you lived as a man. Which is it, God? Is it good to be incarnated or not? To which I wonder if God’s response to my objections might be something like: your dissatisfaction, my dear, is exactly My point. This is not the end. We await the Resurrection of the body.

St. Paul says that Christ died and rose again to set us free from our fear of death which is a kind of slavery that has held us in bondage from the beginning (Hebrews 2:15). How do we understand the lives of the martyrs in a pandemic? “They endured mocking and flogging, chains and imprisonment. They were stoned, sawn in two, put to death by sword. They went around…destitute, oppressed and mistreated,” says St Paul. But he concludes, “The world was not worthy of them” (Hebrews 11:37).

Pandemic was actually very common throughout history and, through those times, the saints went right on fulfilling Christ’s commands to feed and clothe, care for, and love others. It’s very possible some disease was actually spread through the charitable acts of the saints, if it was God’s will. It’s not that those saints were too uneducated to know that this could happen, it’s that they made a conscious choice to care for others in a physical way in spite of the risks to themselves and even the risks to those they cared for. Why did they do this? Because the people around them who asked for their embodied love needed that embodied love more than they needed long lives free of suffering.

Even though humans make choices that are real, no sickness or death happens without God’s permission or involvement. Or at least Christians used to believe this. Forcible, physical segregation and perpetual isolation is usually used as punishment. Are we so sure that the negative outcomes of these safety measures won’t outweigh the positive?

This is a fairly long piece but SO worth your time to read in full. It also includes beautiful images of the resurrection on Fr. Matthew’s headstone, hand carved by Jonathan Pageau. If you read nothing else this week, please read this one here

Here are two other recent Covid-related articles that I encourage you to read:

“The Pandemic and Practical Wisdom” by Andrew M. Yuengert 

“Common Objects of Trust” by Peter J. Leithart 

8. Essays et al: “‘Ideology’ Makes You Stupid” by Anthony Esolen, et al
Before recommending Esolen’s provocative (but in my opinion, spot on) reflection, here’s one part of the Oxford Dictionary's definition of “stupid”: showing a lack of thought or good judgement. Esolen is responding to the editor of the National Catholic Reporter who suggested that Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY) is the “future of the Catholic Church.” Regarding Ocasio-Cortez's outrage at being called an obscenity by a Republican congressman, Esolen notes:

Ocasio-Cortez, naturally, complained about a culture “of a lack of impunity” [sic], portraying herself as a victim of violence, as other women are. “Patriarchy” came in for automatic blame. The congresswoman seems unaware that every one of the 1,500 cultures we know of has been patriarchal, and that the most violent areas of America are those from which the married father has disappeared.

I was raised never to raise a hand against a woman, and never to aim obscenities her way. That was the protective arm of Christian patriarchy at work. No such consideration need be given to men. As a matter of fact, with the obvious exception of rape, men are far more likely to be the victims of violent crime in America than are women: to be beaten, mugged, knifed, shot, and so forth. Even criminal men generally target other men for their violence, not women.

More: 

What staggers me is how an editor, even an editor of the National Catholic Reporter, could say something so silly. I think I have the answer. It comes to me by way of Mikhail Sholokhov’s novel, And Quiet Flows the Don (1928-1940): Political ideology makes man stupid. Political ideology is an index card onto which you aim to sum up the whole experience of mankind. Political ideology is to wisdom as a paint-by-numbers portrait of Stalin (or Mussolini, or Mao, or any ideologue) is to the Mona Lisa.


And here are two more recommended pieces related to stupidity:

Epilogue: The Dreher Roundup
Director Doom’s Weekly Top Picks (8 of 17)

1. Woke Teachers Vs. Parents: From the Twitter feed of Matthew R. Kay, a public school teacher at Philadelphia’s Science Leadership Academy:

So, this fall, virtual class discussions will have many potential spectators—parents, siblings, etc.—in the same room. We’ll never be quite sure who is overhearing the discourse. What does this do for our equity/inclusion work? How much have students depended on the (somewhat) secure barriers of our physical classrooms to encourage vulnerability? How many of us have installed some version of “what happens here stays here” to help this? While conversations about race are in my wheelhouse, and remain a concern in this no-walls environment—I am most intrigued by the damage that “helicopter/snowplow” parents can do in honest conversations about gender/sexuality. And while “conservative” parents are my chief concern—I know that the damage can come from the left too. If we are engaged in the messy work of destabilizing a kids racism or homophobia or transphobia—how much do we want their classmates’ parents piling on?

2. Cari B. & the Conservative Christian Island (warning: explicit lyrics contained in this one): 

The cornfields of Iowa aren’t my idea of paradise either, but America would be a much better place for all of us if those farm families were still the American mainstream. In Weimar America, those prairie Calvinists are the freaks, and Cardi B. is the mainstream. God help us.


3. About Charles Péguy’s Mystique: Last week Dreher wrote about a review of a new book on Charles Péguy by Matthew Maguire, and he pondered the meaning of a famous line by Péguy: “Everything begins in mysticism and ends in politics.” From that post:

I don’t really understand what Péguy is getting at here. If it’s a mysticism ultimately grounded in sacrificial love, how do you discern the good kind of mysticism from the bad kind? After all, to the Nazis, Horst Wessel was a martyr. The totalitarian Left has its martyrs too, those who gave it all up for the Sacred Cause. I suppose I’ll need to buy the book if I want to know—or maybe we have Péguy readers in this blog’s audience, and they can enlighten me.



Let’s stipulate that nobody Joe Biden could have picked for his running mate would have pleased conservatives in any way. Of all the people he could have picked, I think Kamala Harris is the most dangerous, from a social conservative point of view. I’ll get to that in a second. But first, let me explain why I think she was probably the best pick for Biden.

And in this one Dreher predicts 2024 (I think he’s spot on):

The 2024 Harris/Hawley race is going to be lit


5. Classroom of Fear: Earlier in the week Dreher wrote about woke teachers fearing conservative parents observing their teaching online (see post #1 above). In this post he turns to teachers fearing woke students. And he turns to a 2015 Vox article by the pseudonymous Edward Schlosser, a liberal professor who confessed his terror of students FIVE YEARS AGO! Dreher’s conclusion at the end of this post:

Many of us who went to college in the Before Time treasure our classroom experiences with professors who challenged us and helped us to grow intellectually and morally. I pity the professors who now have to regard each student as a potential threat to their livelihood. I pity the students who really do want to be challenged, and to learn, but whose opportunity to learn has been crippled by the woke heckler’s veto that these puritanical woke rats exercise on many campuses.


6. “Cultural Humanity” = Wokeness at Baylor: This is a follow-up to the previous post “Woking Up at Baylor.” In that post Dreher noted that in assembling a list of recommended readings on racism, Baylor president failed to consult anyone at Baylor's own theology school, including Prof. George Yancey, a black sociology professor who is not only a devout conservative Baptist, but even has a book on race and social conflict published by Oxford University Press (and another one published by InterVarsity Press). In this post, Dreher reports on Baylor’s “Cultural Humility Panel” for New Student Experience. From that panel:

“We want to really be careful for those students who will be most harmed in the room,” said Leoung. “I think we think about the equality of the voices—like everyone being heard, versus the equity in the room, who’s really being heard.”

Dreher’s response:

The equality-equity question. In wokespeak, “equality” is giving everyone an equal chance; “equity” is doing the things necessary to make sure there has been an equal outcome. I’m not sure what that means in terms of managing a classroom discussion. Choosing those from officially non-privileged demographics to speak first?

More

I guess it’s not possible for Baylor to develop an authentically Christian approach to cultural humility, and instead to rely on importing categories from culturally Marxist Critical Race Theory into the university, and dressing them up in terms that won’t frighten people. 

There is also an excellent update from Baylor Prof. Perry Glanzer which is worth reading in and of itself. Just one small (and sad) snippet from that update:

Baylor is failing as a Christian university, although it is doing an excellent job of imitating their secular counterparts (and most of what I found in the Baylor lesson plans is borrowed from critical theory type professors at secular universities). Overall, these kinds of examples increasingly convince me that Baylor is becoming a “sound and fury” Christian university. There is plenty of administrative rhetoric about the Christian mission but with administrative initiatives at the faculty and staff level it seems to mean nothing.


7. Snitching for Social Justice: Syracuse University’s first Diversity and Inclusion officer is establishing new rules under which “students would be punished for simply witnessing ‘bias-motivated’ incidents and ‘acts of hate.’” Dreher:

Now you’ll have to report any possible violation to the bias cops to save your own skin. It’s like living in East Germany. Who on earth would want to go to college in such a place? Think about having to prove that even though someone saw you near the scene of a “bias incident,” that you didn’t hear it—this, to keep you from being punished.

Would you want to risk that on your record, for the sake of a Syracuse diploma? Could the Syracuse administration possibly make studying there more fraught with anxiety and neurosis?

Dreher is reminded of the leftist writer Freddie de Boer’s 2017 essay “Planet of Cops,” in which de Boer described the “woke world” as

a world of snitches, informants, rats. Go to any space concerned with social justice and what will you find? Endless surveillance. Everybody is to be judged. Everyone is under suspicion. Everything you say is to be scoured, picked over, analyzed for any possible offense. Everyone’s a detective in the Division of Problematics, and they walk the beat 24/7. You search and search for someone Bad doing Bad Things, finding ways to indict writers and artists and ordinary people for something, anything. That movie that got popular? Give me a few hours and 800 words. I’ll get you your indictments. That’s what liberalism is, now—the search for baddies doing bad things, like little offense archaeologists, digging deeper and deeper to find out who’s Good and who’s Bad. I wonder why people run away from establishment progressivism in droves.

One more snippet on sociologist James Davison Hunter and how a revolutionary idea might emerge from the masses but doesn’t “gain traction until it is embraced and propagated by elites” working through their “well-developed networks and powerful institutions”:

Here’s why we have to pay close attention to colleges: What happens on campus will eventually reach through all of society, or at least to institutions (e.g., corporations) whose ethos is determined by college graduates [Dreher's emphasis]. You will sooner or later come to the realization that your fate can be influenced directly by intricate and abstruse theories of power and identity.


8. In Rural Iowa, Reformed and Unafraid: This one is a great letter from a pastor in Sioux County in response to Dreher’s earlier piece on a New York Times story about Iowa Evangelicals (see post #2 above). Read that letter here.

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